When discussing arrangements for parenting in times of crisis divorce, psychological literature specialized latest (State-of-the-art) takes into account factors developmental and systemic child and it offers different models of solutions, as behind everyone is working assumption that sets joint parental responsibility by both parents Cmtrt- on (see literature review of Kelly, 2007) [2]. Our view, this should be the ultimate goal of an enlightened legislation postgis as part of the State of Israel.
Methods of treatment and decisions made in the welfare system and law (Surveys of social workers, parental capacity assessments of psychologists, court rulings) are critical to the future of the children. For this reason we examine some fundamental questions related to the decisions made in these systems on children whose parents separate postgis or get divorced, with a focus on the forefront of research and developmental psychology-in system view in the Israeli context:
Psychological knowledge domain is one of the most important bases for determining the child's best interests. Courts rely on the opinions of psychologists (especially clinical trials), as well as the welfare system and the parents postgis themselves. postgis Psychologists are appointed by the court to submit reviews must ensure at all times aware of the tremendous responsibility that lies on their shoulders, they are very familiar postgis with the area and the latest professional material only on the basis of this recognition to analyze and assess the situation in the right way the child's best interest.
Nadine Kaslow, company president of the World Clinical Psychology American Psychological Association (APA), postgis complete with a domain definition psychologist's professional capabilities. It refers to the core competence of the psychologist and says "there is a consensus that any psychological postgis professionals should take the way scientific thinking, that provides the ability to access and implement proper scientific knowledge, contribute to knowledge, to evaluate critically interventions and their results, to examine carefully the impact of changing socio-cultural on scientific application, and to continually work to criticism from members and the public. " [3] Is the psychologist, who was asked to comment on the case and the child's best interest, follows the recommendations of Kaslow? In most cases the answer is no.
Legal psychologists Division American Psychological Organization and the American Academy of Forensic Psychology in 1991 established a committee to prepare postgis ethical guidelines postgis for working with the legal system (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists). Here are presented some of the rules set forth guiding ethical legal psychologist working with the court:
We illustrate here using the example of a very private and familiar how these two rules are not careful at all in Israel. While it is the guidelines developed by the American Society, but these experienced and leading organizations have been known to serve as a marker for significant right for many of us. Let us illustrate postgis this with what is described by us C"cftis psychopathology fails "
One of the main problems that characterize parental capacity postgis assessments psychologists is the use of psychodynamic theories that are relevant to the subject of discussion and thus also invalid measurement tool and are not intended for assessing parental capacity. For example, common tests such as the Rorschach and TAT were not designed for this purpose. In our opinion postgis the majority of clinicians who use these tools do not even inform the court about the limitations postgis of these tools. postgis Without having to go into the problems with using the term "parental capacity" postgis (this is discussed below), it is worth remembering that even if these tools were limited reliability - that is, show a similar result in a re - results are not valid. The phenomenon can be compared to the broken scales: Suppose that a person weighing 90 kg more than those scales over and over, and the result will see every time weighing 55 kg. Measurement reliability perfect here, but the result is not valid. In kind, tests parental capacity are made in common by them in check, under the same professional guidelines and without regeneration scientific, and therefore it is not surprising that we have witnessed a lot of reports produced by the same psychologist for parents different when these reports are very similar to the format of their, often with results and conclusions similar for different people, but without any effect.
Rorschach test is one good example of this private. Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach introduced it in 1921: Presentation of ink stains to the patient and that the patient association analysis for each spot. We now know that the test does not detect postgis the majority of psychological disorders, and certainly not identify personality postgis traits and certainly not from the ability to maintain parent-child relationship. The main flaw is the Rorschach test false positive: it turns out that he was wrong, and detects about 75% of the normative population emotionally disturbed.
The popularity of the Rorschach test certainly is not the result of research evidence validity. In fact, empirical data do not justify its use. Major studies and controlled postgis trials failed to show a sense of discrimination and prediction. postgis Similarly, work by Exner, reorganized the methodology of the Rorschach has not yielded valid. For example, a study by Wood raised, Nezworski, Garb and Lilienfeld, the results of Exner inaccurate and tend to exhibit normal postgis people to have psychological disorders. The researchers, who compared the results of 32 studies on this topic, encourage stop using the Rorschach test, clinical or legal needs to build a valid and reliable. [4]
Yet psychologists in Israel make extensive use of the Rorschach test, as well as tests invalid others, illustrates metaphorically the law making (Law of the instrument) [5] of the American philosopher-Israel Abraham Kaplan says: "Give a child a hammer, and he finds out that everything postgis he loaded bump into him. " postgis In this case the batter with a hammer last child psychologists are those who value invalid tools. Kaplan notes that "hammer equipped psychopathology, wherever our clinics and waiting rooms we perceive mostly disorders, symptoms postgis and their dynamics. So we knock hammer pathology postgis Although we are interested in
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